Chi-Square Test Statistical test

What is Chi-Square?

The Chi-Square Test (chi2) is a statistical test for categorical data. It determines whether observed frequencies differ significantly from expected frequencies.

Types

Test of Independence

  • Are two categorical variables related?
  • Example: Is disease status associated with smoking?

Goodness of Fit

  • Does data match expected distribution?
  • Example: Are equal proportions of each blood type?

Interpretation

  • p < 0.05: Significant association or deviation
  • p >= 0.05: No significant association

Requirements

  • Categorical data
  • Expected frequencies >= 5 in each cell
  • Independent observations

Related Terms

  • P-Value: Significance of the test
  • Contingency Table: Table of observed frequencies